CADMIUM AND LEAD CNTAMINATED IN FISH COLLECTED FROM MARKETS IN THAILAND AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT

Abstract

Abstract—The purposes of this study were to investigate the cadmium and lead concentrations in edible portions of river fish that collected during wet season and dry season from market at 4 provinces near Chao Phraya river of Thailand including, Nakhon Sawan (NK),Chainat (CN) ,Singhaburi (SB) and Angthong (AT) and determine the potential health risk of the observed concentrations of both metals to human health. The maximum concentration of cadmium was found in C. striata from AT province during the wet season at 1.357 mg/kg dry weight. The maximum concentration of lead was found in K. bleekeri from AT province during dry season at 0.658 mg/kg dry weight. The cadmium concentrations in C. striata , P. hypopthalamus, and K. bleekeri as wet weight basis exceeded the permissible limit level in fish that have been proposed by EU (0.05 mg/kg wet weight) whereas the concentrations of lead did not exceed the permissible limit level of the EU (0.3 mg/kg wet weight). The obtained daily intake of cadmium from selected fish species varied between of 0.011 – 0.573 μg/day which did not exceed the maximum allowable guideline level established by the WHO (1 μg /kg B.W/day). Similarly, the obtained daily intake values of lead from selected fish species in each sampling site varied between of 0.115 – 0.340 μg/ kg B.W/day which did not exceed the maximum allowable guideline level established by the WHO (3.5 μg/kg B.W/day). The calculated target hazard quotient values in this study were not greater than 1, suggesting the safe level through consumption of these fish.